A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture. Guevara particip desde la Revolucin y hasta 1965 en la organizacin del Estado cubano.Ernesto " Che" Guevara ( Spanish: 14 June 1928 – 9 October 1967) was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat, and military theorist. Commanding officer of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed ForcesLa historia completa del argentino Che Guevara conocido en cuba como el 'Guerrillero Heroico' quien fuera un pol&237 tico, escritor, periodista , m&233 dico e ide&243 lo.Ernesto Guevara (Rosario, 14 de mayo de 19281 - La Higuera, 9 de octubre de 1967), conocido como Che Guevara, fue un poltico, escritor, periodista y mdico argentino-cubano,2 uno de los idelogos y comandantes de la Revolucin cubana (1953-1959). He was the eldest of five children in an upper-class Argentine family of pre-independence Spanish (i.e. Ernesto Guevara was born to Ernesto Guevara Lynch and Celia de la Serna y Llosa, on 14 June 1928, in Rosario, Argentina.Although the legal name on his birth certificate was 'Ernesto Guevara', his name sometimes appears with 'de la Serna' and/or 'Lynch' accompanying it.
These included reviewing the appeals and firing squads for those convicted as war criminals during the revolutionary tribunals, instituting agrarian land reform as minister of industries, helping spearhead a successful nationwide literacy campaign, serving as both national bank president and instructional director for Cuba's armed forces, and traversing the globe as a diplomat on behalf of Cuban socialism. Following the Cuban Revolution, Guevara performed a number of key roles in the new government. Guevara soon rose to prominence among the insurgents, was promoted to second-in-command, and played a pivotal role in the two-year guerrilla campaign that deposed the Batista regime. Later in Mexico City, Guevara met Raúl and Fidel Castro, joined their 26th of July Movement, and sailed to Cuba aboard the yacht Granma with the intention of overthrowing U.S.-backed Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. His burgeoning desire to help overturn what he saw as the capitalist exploitation of Latin America by the United States prompted his involvement in Guatemala's social reforms under President Jacobo Árbenz, whose eventual CIA-assisted overthrow at the behest of the United Fruit Company solidified Guevara's political ideology.
In contrast, his ideological critics on the right accuse him of promoting authoritarianism and endorsing violence against his political opponents. As a result of his perceived martyrdom, poetic invocations for class struggle, and desire to create the consciousness of a "new man" driven by moral rather than material incentives, Guevara has evolved into a quintessential icon of various leftist movements. Guevara remains both a revered and reviled historical figure, polarized in the collective imagination in a multitude of biographies, memoirs, essays, documentaries, songs, and films. Guevara left Cuba in 1965 to foment continental revolutions across both Africa and South America, first unsuccessfully in Congo-Kinshasa and later in Bolivia, where he was captured by CIA-assisted Bolivian forces and summarily executed. His experiences and studying of Marxism–Leninism led him to posit that the Third World's underdevelopment and dependence was an intrinsic result of imperialism, neocolonialism, and monopoly capitalism, with the only remedy being proletarian internationalism and world revolution. Additionally, Guevara was a prolific writer and diarist, composing a seminal guerrilla warfare manual, along with a best-selling memoir about his youthful continental motorcycle journey.
Growing up in a family with leftist leanings, Guevara was introduced to a wide spectrum of political perspectives even as a boy. Early on in life, Ernestito (as he was then called) developed an "affinity for the poor". Referring to Che's "restless" nature, his father declared "the first thing to note is that in my son's veins flowed the blood of the Irish rebels".
He could also recite Rudyard Kipling's " If—" and José Hernández's Martín Fierro by heart. During adolescence and throughout his life he was passionate about poetry, especially that of Pablo Neruda, John Keats, Antonio Machado, Federico García Lorca, Gabriela Mistral, César Vallejo, and Walt Whitman. Intellectual and literary interestsGuevara learned chess from his father and began participating in local tournaments by the age of 12. His rugby playing earned him the nickname "Fuser"—a contraction of El Furibundo (furious) and his mother's surname, de la Serna—for his aggressive style of play. He was an avid rugby union player, and played at fly-half for Club Universitario de Buenos Aires. Despite suffering crippling bouts of acute asthma that were to afflict him throughout his life, he excelled as an athlete, enjoying swimming, football, golf, and shooting, while also becoming an "untiring" cyclist.
The first expedition in 1950 was a 4,500-kilometer (2,800 mi) solo trip through the rural provinces of northern Argentina on a bicycle on which he installed a small engine. His "hunger to explore the world" led him to intersperse his collegiate pursuits with two long introspective journeys that fundamentally changed the way he viewed himself and the contemporary economic conditions in Latin America. Years later, a declassified CIA "biographical and personality report" dated 13 February 1958 made note of Guevara's wide range of academic interests and intellect, describing him as "quite well read" while adding that "Che is fairly intellectual for a Latino." Motorcycle journeyGuevara (right) with Alberto Granado (left) in June 1952 on the Amazon River aboard their "Mambo-Tango" wooden raft, which was a gift from the lepers whom they had treated In 1948, Guevara entered the University of Buenos Aires to study medicine. His favorite subjects in school included philosophy, mathematics, engineering, political science, sociology, history, and archaeology. Sigmund Freud's ideas fascinated him as he quoted him on a variety of topics from dreams and libido to narcissism and the Oedipus complex.
Later on his journey, Guevara was especially impressed by the camaraderie among those living in a leper colony, stating, "The highest forms of human solidarity and loyalty arise among such lonely and desperate people. Additionally, on the way to Machu Picchu high in the Andes, he was struck by the crushing poverty of the remote rural areas, where peasant farmers worked small plots of land owned by wealthy landlords. A map of Guevara's 1952 trip with Alberto Granado (the red arrows correspond to air travel)In Chile, Guevara found himself enraged by the working conditions of the miners in Anaconda's Chuquicamata copper mine and moved by his overnight encounter in the Atacama Desert with a persecuted communist couple who did not even own a blanket, describing them as "the shivering flesh-and-blood victims of capitalist exploitation". For the latter, he took a year off from his studies to embark with his friend Alberto Granado, with the final goal of spending a few weeks volunteering at the San Pablo leper colony in Peru, on the banks of the Amazon River. Which was followed in 1951 by his second expedition, a nine-month, 8,000-kilometer (5,000 mi) continental motorcycle trek through part of South America.
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